基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术研究

当前,骚扰电话乱象屡禁不止,严重影响了人民群众的正常生活,甚至威胁到个人财产安全,因此简单有效地识别骚扰电话技术成为亟待解决的问题。区别于现有的对电话号码进行黑白名单标记、大数据分析等识别方法,提出基于信任链的骚扰电话预判技术,从可信度量的角度计算来电号码的可靠程度,并针对高危受害群体的典型应用场景进行分析,通过对骚扰电话的预判,降低其受到电话骚扰甚至电话诈骗的可能性。     

基于改进相干增强扩散与纹理能量测度和高斯混合模型的导光板表面缺陷检测方法

针对液晶屏(LCD)导光板表面缺陷检测方法存在漏检率和误检率较高,对产品表面复杂渐变的纹理结构适应性差的问题,提出一种基于改进相干增强扩散(ICED)与纹理能量测度和高斯混合模型(TEM-GMM)的LCD导光板表面缺陷检测方法。首先,构建ICED模型,基于结构张量引入平均曲率流扩散(MCF)滤波,使得相干增强扩散(CED)模型对缺陷的细线状纹理有良好的边缘保持效果,并利用相干性得到缺陷纹理增强和背景纹理抑制的滤波后图像;然后,根据Laws纹理能量测度(TEM)提取图像纹理特征,将图像的背景纹理特征作为离线阶段高斯混合模型(GMM)的训练数据,使用期望最大化(EM)算法估计GMM参数;最后,计算待检测图像各像素的后验概率,并将其作为在线检测阶段缺陷像素的判断依据。实验结果表明,该检测方法在导光颗粒随机、规则两种分布的缺陷图像测试数据组上的漏检率和误检率分别为3.27%、4.32%和3.59%、4.87%。所提检测方法适用范围广,可有效检测出LCD导光板表面划痕、异物、脏污和压伤等类型的缺陷。     

Thermodynamic assessment of the Ga–Se–Te system

In this study, the Ga–Te binary system was reassessed by means of the CALPHAD method using a modified lattice stability parameter for Te as well as experimental data for this binary system. The two-sublattice ionic solution model was applied for the liquid phase, and the intermediate phases were described by the sublattice model. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters was optimized for all the phases in the Ga–Te binary system, which reproduced the phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties well. Using the reevaluated Ga–Te system, previously assessed Ga–Se system, and modified Se–Te system, a critical evaluation of the Ga–Se–Te ternary system was performed. The calculated vertical sections, isothermal sections, and liquidus projection agreed reasonably well with the experimental data. Immiscibility in the liquid phase was observed, and the origin of this behavior is discussed from a thermodynamic perspective.     

High-roubustness keystroke recognition method based on acoustic spatial gradient

For the fluctuation of CFCC caused by environmental noise is the main reason for the low accuracy of keystroke detection,the spatial characteristics of adjacent between CFCC were studied,and the spatial gradient structure of CFCC based on points was established.On this basis,the effect of CFCC spatial gradient on keystroke content recognition and the selection of precise neighborhood points were studied on training and testing.Finally,a high-robustness keystroke recognition algorithm based on acoustic signals was constructed.Extensive experiments in different environments demonstrate that the proposed CFCC spatial gradient sound feature achieves great performance and the recognition accuracy is 96.15%.     

Interleukin-1β Modulation of the Mechanobiology of Primary Human Pulmonary Fibroblasts: Potential Implications in Lung Repair

Pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are upregulated during early responses to tissue damage and are expected to transiently compromise the mechanical microenvironment. Fibroblasts are key regulators of tissue mechanics in the lungs and other organs. However, the effects of IL-1β on fibroblast mechanics and functions remain unclear. Here we treated human pulmonary fibroblasts from control donors with IL-1β and used Atomic Force Microscopy to unveil that IL-1β significantly reduces the stiffness of fibroblasts concomitantly with a downregulation of filamentous actin (F-actin) and alpha-smooth muscle (α-SMA). Likewise, COL1A1 mRNA was reduced, whereas that of collagenases MMP1 and MMP2 were upregulated, favoring a reduction of type-I collagen. These mechanobiology changes were functionally associated with reduced proliferation and enhanced migration upon IL-1β stimulation, which could facilitate lung repair by drawing fibroblasts to sites of tissue damage. Our observations reveal that IL-1β may reduce local tissue rigidity by acting both intracellularly and extracellularly through the downregulation of fibroblast contractility and type I collagen deposition, respectively. These IL-1β-dependent mechanical effects may enhance lung repair further by locally increasing pulmonary tissue compliance to preserve normal lung distension and function. Moreover, our results support that IL-1β provides innate anti-fibrotic protection that may be relevant during the early stages of lung repair.     

The Young Scientists Network: How the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) Became Young Again

The European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) created the Young Scientists Network (YSN) to support early-career medicinal chemists and chemical biologists. By doing this, it addressed the rapid changes taking place in the scientific community and in our society, such as the rise of social media, the evolution of the gender balance in the scientific population, and educational needs. Creating the YSN was also a way to ensure that the next generation of scientists would contribute to shaping EFMC's strategy, while recognizing and addressing their needs. The YSN was set up as a very dynamic concept, and has now developed to the point where its impact is evident. The activities it promotes complement EFMC's community support and scientific opportunities, rejuvenating the Federation and preparing it for the future. It also provides opportunities for many brilliant young scientists, who do not hesitate to invest time and energy in supporting our community and shaping their own future.     

美国全面制裁伊朗对中国能源安全的影响与对策建议

美国自2018年5月宣布重启对伊朗全面制裁,伊朗再次成为国际社会关注的焦点。本文系统梳理了伊朗能源禀赋及开发利用现状,分析了伊朗对中国能源安全的保障程度及其优势,发现1997~2017年伊朗对中国石油安全的保障程度呈波动上升态势,对维护中国油气资源供给安全具有重要意义,认为中伊能源合作具有战略互补性、地缘政治优势、经济优势、历史文化基础和降低美元计价风险等优势。在上述基础上,本文从能源价格、供给渠道和运输安全三方面剖析了此次美国全面制裁伊朗对中国能源安全可能产生的影响,并从规避美国制裁风险和保障国家能源安全角度,提出了相关对策建议。     

公民水素养评价表征因素模型构建与分析

针对我国水资源紧缺、水生态损害、水环境污染等相关水问题,以提升全民爱水惜水节水护水的意识和能力为目标,从水素养概念出发,通过扎根理论质性研究方法对公民水素养评价的表征因素进行筛选和提炼,最终得出包含水知识、水态度、水行为为主范畴的10个表征因素并运用解释结构模型(ISM)深入剖析各因素之间的内在联系。在此基础上建立了3级多层次递阶结构模型,进一步精确描述系统各要素两两之间的直接关系。结果表明:公民水素养评价的表征因素自上而下形成了表象层、中间层和根源层等3个层级,可直观、清晰地反映表征因素之间的递阶、层级关系;水态度在各表征因素中具有调节作用以及各表征因素之间存在内在逻辑关系。研究成果为提高公民水素养水平提供一定的科学依据和政策参考。     

基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向估计方法

低信噪比下,针对宽带短脉冲情况下频域多重信号分类(MUSIC)中噪声子空间估计不稳定问题,提出一种基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向(DOA)估计方法。①对线列阵接收数据进行分组处理;②按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理,并对各组数据预处理结果进行相加,得到一组新数据;③对线列阵接收数据在时域构建相移后的协方差矩阵,在更短数据长度下,稳定实现噪声子空间估计,并依据估计出的噪声子空间含有的正交特性,通过单位矩阵加法器得到相应空间谱估计值,实现波达方向估计。数值仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,相比频域MUSIC方法,该方法有效提高了线列阵接收数据协方差矩阵中信号含有量和信噪比,能够在更短数据长度情况下实现对噪声子空间的稳定估计,具有较好的稳定性和检测性能,提高了MUSIC方法在实际波达方向估计中的鲁棒性。     

多机器人体间动态碰撞检测方法仿真研究

当前多结合包围求碰撞检测法、Average-Case法、K-DOPs法等实现多机器人体间动态碰撞的检测,均存在寻优性能较差、检测效率较低的问题。为此提出一种基于动态粒子群的多机器人体间动态碰撞检测方法。采用OBB层次包围盒方法,缩小多机器人之间需要动态碰撞检测的区域,同时把动态碰撞检测问题转换为物体特征对间距离机制的非线性优化问题,进而构建层次拓扑框架进行局部碰撞检测,将机器人体引入到粒子群算法中建立混合进化算法,找到动态碰撞检测的最优解,实现多机器人体间动态碰撞检测。仿真结果证明,所提方法的检测效率高达96%,且具有较高的寻优性能。